MOTS-c is a mitochondrial-derived peptide (MDP) composed of 16 amino acids, which plays a critical role in cellular metabolic regulation. Synthesized within mitochondria, MOTS-c functions by modulating the cellular energy balance through pathways involved in glucose metabolism, insulin sensitivity, and cellular stress response.  MOTS-c exerts its effects by translocating to the nucleus, where it influences the expression of genes related to mitochondrial biogenesis and metabolic regulation, particularly under conditions of metabolic stress. Research has shown this peptide to improve exercise capacity, reduce obesity, insulin resistance and other disease processes such as osteoporosis and the mitigation of metabolic disorders and age-associated diseases. The Mitochondrial-Derived Peptide MOTS-c promotes metabolic homeostasis and longevity, improves exercise capacity, reduces obesity, insulin resistance and other disease processes such as osteoporosis.

Delta-sleep-inducing peptide is a neuropeptide that affects a number of endocrine and physiological processes within the central nervous system. DSIP is of primary interest for its abilities to reduce oxidative stress, normalize myocardial contractility. It is also being studied as a potential target in the treatment of major depressive disorder.

Selank peptide is a short, synthetic analogue of tuftsin. It has profound anti-anxiety properties. Selank also boosts memory and learning and has been shown to have beneficial effects on pain perception. Selank is a short, synthetic analogue of tuftsin. It has profound anti-anxiety properties. Selank also boosts memory and learning and has been shown to have beneficial effects on pain perception.

N-Acetyl Selank Amidate improves on every aspect of Selank by increasing its potency, half-life, absorbability, and the ease with which it crosses the blood-brain barrier. These features help it to enhance the effects of Selank, which has been found in animal studies to protect the central nervous system from disease and trauma, reduce anxiety, improve learning, improve memory. N-Acetyl Selank Amidate is best thought of as an enhanced version of Selank. Research has shown that N-Acetyl Selank Amidate improves on every aspect of Selank by increasing its potency, half-life, absorbability, and the ease with which it crosses the blood-brain barrier. These features help to enhance the effects of Selank, which has been found in animal studies to protect the central nervous system from disease and trauma, reduce anxiety, improve learning, improve memory, and alter the process of blood clotting. While more research remains to be done, Selank and other glyprolines offer an insight into how DNA expression patterns can be altered by a single peptide to produce dramatic effects.